Дэйвенпорт, Мириам

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#redirect [[:ej:Дэйвенпорт, Мириам]]
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|АВТОР1=Л.Гроервейдл
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|ДАТА СОЗДАНИЯ=16/09/2011
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{{Персона
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| имя          = Мэри Джейн Голд
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| портрет      = MaryJayneGold.jpg
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| image_size  = 295
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| описание      = Мэри Джейн Голд в 1940 году, фото с сайта [http://www.varianfry.org/gold_cm_movie_en.htm Chambon Foundation]
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| дата рождения = 1909
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| место рождения= [[Чикаго]], [[США]]
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| дата смерти  = 5.10.1997
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'''Miriam Davenport''' (June 6, 1915, [[Boston, Massachusetts]] – September 13, 1999, [[Mt. Pleasant, Michigan]]) was an American painter and sculptor who played an important role helping [[Europe]]an [[Jew]]s and [[intellectual]]s escape the [[Holocaust]] during [[World War II]]. <ref>[[Peggy Guggenheim]], ''Out of This Century, Confessions of an Art Addict'', (Foreword by [[Gore Vidal]], (Introduction by [[Alfred H. Barr Jr.]]), p. 192 ANCHOR BOOKS, [[Doubleday & Company]], Inc. Universe Books 1979, ISBN 0385-17109-9</ref>
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[[Image:Davenport-Fry.jpg|thumb|Miriam Davenport and Varian Fry]]
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Born in [[Boston, Massachusetts]], studied art and architecture history at [[Smith College]] before spending a year at the Graduate Institute of Fine Arts at [[New York University]]. Awarded a [[Carnegie Prize|Carnegie]] summer art scholarship to study in [[Paris, France]], she attended the ''Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie'' at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]].
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With the [[Germany|German]] occupation of [[France]], Davenport fled first to the city of [[Toulouse]] where she met the poet [[Walter Mehring]] and others who were looking to escape to the [[United States]]. Miriam Davenport went to see if she could get help for their escape through the port city of [[Marseille]], which although under control of the [[Vichy|Vichy Regime]], was not yet occupied by the [[Nazism|Nazis]].
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However, it was a dangerous time and the United States consulate in Marseille was strongly urging all Americans to leave France. Davenport soon met fellow American, [[Mary Jayne Gold]], a wealthy [[Chicago]] socialite, and the two teamed up with another American, the [[journalist]] [[Varian Fry]]. At enormous risk to themselves, Davenport and the others ran a covert operation helping  [[writers]], [[artists]], [[scientists]], and [[academics]] [[Jew]]s escape from France. They arranged for some of these refugees to escape over the mountains to the safety of [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]] while others they smuggled aboard [[Cargo ship|freighters]] sailing to either [[North Africa]] or ports in [[North America|North]] or [[South America]].
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During the less than two years that Miriam Davenport and her group were able to operate in Marseille, they were responsible for the evacuation of more than 2,000 refugees who came from all over Europe including such notable personalities as the artist [[Marc Chagall]], [[Sculpture|sculptor]] [[Jacques Lipchitz]], writer [[Hannah Arendt]] and [[Nobel Prize]]  winner [[Otto Meyerhof]].
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Expelled from France by the Nazis in 1941, on her return to the United States, Miriam Davenport became involved in a number of [[humanitarian]] efforts including the [[Progressive Schools Committee for Refugee Children]], the [[International Rescue and Relief Committee]], the [[NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund]]. As well, she worked with the [[American Council of Learned Societies' Committee for the Protection of Cultural Treasures in War Areas]] for whom she helped prepare maps and documentation for use by the [[Allied Forces]] to help avoid bombing culturally important sites as well as to enable military units on the ground to secure these sites to prevent pillaging.
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Davenport worked at [[Princeton University]] where she oversaw the office of the [[Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists]] for [[Albert Einstein]]. Married to a scholar, she and her husband moved to [[Iowa]] in 1951 where he had been offered a professorship at the [[University of Iowa]].
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Miriam then picked up where she had left off at the Sorbonne in Paris before World War II and pursued further studies as a painter and sculptor. Widowed at age forty-six, over the next few years, in addition to earning her Ph.D., she worked as an art instructor and taught [[French language]] courses at the university. Following her marriage to [[archaeologist]] and [[ancient history]] scholar, [[Charles Ebel]], she moved with him to a home in [[Michigan]].
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The unselfish and heroic deeds of Miriam Davenport during World War II received almost no public recognition of any kind until 1980 when her friend [[Mary Jayne Gold]] published a book titled ''[[Crossroads Marseilles, 1940]]'' that recounted the events. Although Varian Fry had died in 1967, Miriam Davenport was able to visit Marseille and to be reunited with Ms. Gold who had returned to live permanently on the [[French Riviera]].
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Miriam Davenport died of [[cancer]] in [[Mt. Pleasant, Michigan]] in 1999, aged 84. Her body was returned to Iowa for burial.
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== Источники и ссылки ==
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriam_Davenport Статья "Miriam Davenport" в английском разделе Википедии]
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* [http://www.varianfry.org/ebel_en.htm Varian Fry Institute: Miriam Davenport Ebel]
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== Литература ==
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* Peggy Guggenheim, ''Out of This Century, Confessions of an Art Addict'', (Foreword by Gore Vidal, (Introduction by Alfred H. Barr Jr.), ANCHOR BOOKS, Doubleday & Company, Inc. Universe Books 1979, ISBN 0385-17109-9
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== Примечания ==
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{{Reflist}}
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[[Category:Персоналии по алфавиту]]
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[[Category:Холокост]]
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Текущая версия на 23:05, 30 мая 2013

  1. redirect ej:Дэйвенпорт, Мириам
Источник — «http://www.jearc.info/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC»
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