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| - | {{Начало_работы}}
| + | #redirect [[:ej:Шейх-Джарах]] |
| - | [[File:Jarrah22.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Jarrah]] | + | |
| - | [[File:Jerusalem vista.jpg|thumb|Вид на район Шейх-Джарра. На заднем плане центр города Иерусалима.]]
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| - | '''Шейх-Джарах''' (англ. <big>Sheikh Jarrah</big>, араб. <big>الشيخ جراح</big>, иврит <big>שייח' ג'ראח</big>) - преимущественно арабский район в [[Иерусалим]]е, [[Израиль]], по пути на [[Гора Скопус|гору Скопус]].
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| - | ==История==
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| - | Квартал был создан на склонах [[Гора Скопус|горы Скопус]] и назван по имени могилы Шейха Джараха.<ref name=Sinaip22>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=WZ1tAAAAMAAJ&q=%22sheikh+jarrah%22+tomb&dq=%22sheikh+jarrah%22+tomb&lr=&cd=22|title=Jerusalem|first1=John M.|last1=Oesterreicher|first2=Anne|last2=Sinai|edition=Illustrated|publisher=John Day|year=1974|ISBN=0381982661, 9780381982669|page=22}}</ref> Могилаа, датируемая 1201 годом, принадлежит Хусам аль-Дину аль-Джаррахи, эмиру и врачу [[Салах-ад-Дин]]а<ref name=Shahinp328>{{cite book|title=Palestine: A Guide|author=Marim Shahin|pages=328–329|publisher=Interlink Books|year=2005|isbn=156656557X}}</ref><ref name=Hawarip29>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=lidmAAAAMAAJ&q=jarrahi+al-din&dq=jarrahi+al-din&cd=4|title=Ayyubid Jerusalem (1187-1250): an architectural and archaeological study|first1=Mahmoud|last1=Hawari|edition=Illustrated|publisher=Archaeopress|year=2007|ISBN=1407300423, 9781407300429}}</ref> ("Джаррах" означает, хирург по-арабски). В XII веке он создал ''зауия'' (буквально "уголок", в смысле маленькая мечеть или школа), известную как ''Зауия Джарахийа''<ref name=Hawarip29/> ("хирургический уголок"). После его смерти его могила была расположена в школе, где ее посетил Абд аль-Гани аль-Наблуси, ученый из [[Дамаск]]а, который путешествовал с группой друзей и последователей в [[Иерусалим]] в 1690 году. Они были приняты в Школе Джарахийа группой видных деятелей и духовных лидеров, которые затем сопровождали их в Старом Городе .<ref name=Baileyp110>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=84IXJa18ZJoC&pg=PA110&lpg=PA110&dq=hussam+al-din+al-jarrahi&source=bl&ots=rBrf-3hblR&sig=mk9ZE0jVhLAPZrg0p8_CrfoccGk&hl=en&ei=nsSXS7TWBY-G_AbG8Zm5Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=jarrahi&f=false|title=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, Volume 22|first1=Gülru|last1=Necipoğlu|first2=Julia|last2=Bailey|publisher=BRILL|year=2005|ISBN=9004147020, 9789004147027|page=110}}</ref>
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| - | The tomb of al-Jarrahi, which is still known as ''Zawiya Jarrahiyya'' is today situated inside a mosque that was built in 1895 in the Sheikh Jarrah Quarter, on Nablus Road, north of the [[Old City (Jerusalem)|Old City]] and the [[American Colony, Jerusalem|American Colony]].<ref name=Maozp143>{{cite book|title=Jerusalem: points of friction, and beyond|first1=Moshe|last1=Ma'oz|first2=Sari|last2=Nusseibeh|authorlink2=Sari Nusseibeh|edition=Illustrated|publisher=BRILL|year=2000|ISBN=9041188436, 9789041188434|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=9evpVS_ackwC&pg=PA156&dq=jarrahiyya&lr=&cd=10#v=snippet&q=%22jarrahiyya%20is%20located%20in%20the%20Sheikh%20Jarrah%22&f=false|page=143}}</ref><ref name=Winterp189>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=ZNgzmS4AOtAC&pg=PA189&dq=jarrahi+al-din&lr=&cd=13#v=onepage&q=jarrahi%20al-din&f=false|title=Israel handbook: with the Palestinian Authority areas|first1=Dave|last1=Winter|edition=2nd, illustrated|publisher=Footprint Travel Guides|year=1999|ISBN=1900949482, 9781900949484|page=189}}</ref> Prayer at the shrine is said bring good luck, particularly for those involved in the raising of chickens and eggs.<ref name=Winterp189/>
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| - | <ref name=Baileyp110> {{Cite книга |. URL = http://books.google.ca/books? ID = 84IXJa18ZJoC & PG = PA110 и СНГ = PA110 & DQ = Хусам + аль-DIN + аль-jarrahi и источник = BL и OTS = РФФИ-3hblR и сигнал = mk9ZE0jVhLAPZrg0p8_CrfoccGk и HL = EN & EI = nsSXS7TWBY-G_AbG8Zm5Cw & SA = X & О. = book_result & Ct = результат и resnum = 1 & ВЭД = 0CAgQ6AEwAA # V = onepage & Q = jarrahi & F = ложных | название = Muqarnas: Ежегодный по визуальной культуры исламского мира, том 22 | first1 = Gülru | last1 = Necipoğlu | first2 = Юлия | last2 = Бейли | издатель = BRILL | год = 2005 | ISBN 9004147020 =, 9789004147027 | страницы = 110}} </ исх> могилой аль-Jarrahi, который еще известен как''''Завия Jarrahiyya сегодня находится внутри мечети, которая была построена в 1895 году в квартале Шейх-Джарра, на Наблус-роуд, к северу от [ . [Старый город (Иерусалим) | Старый Город]] и [[American Colony, Иерусалим | American Colony]] <ref name=Maozp143> {{Cite книга | название = Иерусалима: точки трения, и за его пределами | first1 = Моше | last1 = Ma'oz | first2 = Сари | last2 = Нуссейбех | authorlink2 = Сари Нусейбе | издание = Иллюстрированный | издатель = BRILL | год = 2000 | ISBN 9041188436 =, 9789041188434 | URL = http://books.google.ca/ ? книг ID = 9evpVS_ackwC & PG = PA156 & DQ = jarrahiyya и LR = & CD = 10 # V = фрагмент & Q =% 22jarrahiyya% 20is% 20located% 20in% 20The% 20Sheikh% 20Jarrah% 22 & F = ложных | страницы = 143}} </ исх> <имя ссылки = Winterp189> {{Cite книга | URL = http://books.google.ca/books?id=ZNgzmS4AOtAC&pg=PA189&dq=jarrahi+al-din&lr=&cd=13 # V = onepage & Q = jarrahi% 20al-дин & F = ложных | название = Израиля руководства: с палестинских территорий Орган | first1 = Дэйв | last1 = Зима | издание = 2, иллюстрированные | издатель = след Путеводители | год = 1999 | ISBN 1900949482 =, 9781900949484 | страницы = 189}} </ исх> Молитва в храме говорят приносит удачу, особенно для тех, кто участвует в воспитании кур и яиц. <ref name=Winterp189/>
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| - | A two-story stone building that included a flour mill, called ''Qasr el-Amawi'', existed opposite the tomb from the 17th century.<ref name=KarkLandman>Ruth Kark and Shimon Landman, The establishment of Muslim neighbourhoods outside the Old City during the late Ottoman period, ''Palestine Exploration Quarterly'', vol 112, 1980, pp 113–135.</ref> The Sheikh Jarrah quarter began to grow as a Muslim nucleus between the 1870s and 1890s.<ref name=KarkLandman/> The northern and eastern parts of the neighborhood constituted a more prestigious area, where several famous families such at the [[Nashashibi]]s had houses.<ref name=KarkLandman/> In the western part, houses were smaller and more scattered.<ref name=KarkLandman/>
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| - | A Jewish observer at the start of the 20th century wrote of Sheikh Jarrah:
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| - | : "In the past years a whole neighbourhood of our Muslim fellow citizens established northeast of our city, from the field of the Tomb of Simon the Just and eastward — a neighbourhood of large excellent-looking, wonderful, perfectly beautiful houses, without anyone in our city noticing it without going there specially to see it."<ref name=KarkBook>Ruth Kark an Michal Oren-Nordheim, ''Jerusalem and its environs; Quarters, Neighborhoods, Villages 1800-1948'', Hebrew University Magnus Press, 2001, p 120.</ref>
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| - | At the Ottoman census of 1905, the Sheikh Jarrah ''nahiye'' (sub-district) consisted of the Muslim quarters of Sheikh Jarrah, Hayy el-Huseyni, Wadi el-Joz and Bab ez-Zahira, and the Jewish quarters of Shim'on Hatsadik and Nahalat Shim'on.<ref name=Arnon>Adar Arnon, The quarters of Jerusalem in the Ottoman period, ''Middle Eastern Studies'', vol. 28, 1992, pp 1–65.</ref> Its population was counted as 167 Muslim families, 97 Jewish families, and 6 Christian families.<ref name=Arnon/> It contained the largest concentration of Muslims outside the Old City.<ref name=Arnon/> In 1918 the Sheikh Jarrah quarter contained about 30 houses.<ref name=KarkLandman/>
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| - | During the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]], 78 Jews, mostly doctors and nurses, were killed on their way to [[Hadassah Medical Center|Hadassah Hospital]] when their [[Hadassah medical convoy massacre|convoy was attacked]] by Arab forces as it passed through Sheikh Jarrah, the main road to Mount Scopus. In the wake of these hostilities, Mount Scopus was cut off from West Jerusalem.<ref name="JCPA"/>
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| - | From 1948, it was a UN-patrolled territory between [[West Jerusalem]] and the Israeli [[enclave]] on [[Mount Scopus]]. In 1956, the [[Jordan]]ian government and the [[United Nations]] settled 28 [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] families there.<ref>http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1249275679490&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull {{Dead link|date=January 2011}}</ref> The Palestinian families were settled into Sheikh Jarrah as a solution to their displacement from Israeli-controlled Jerusalem during the [[Israeli War of Independence]].<ref>http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=189577</ref> As permanent ownership transfer was illegal under the [[Fourth Geneva Convention]], the area was placed under the jurisdiction of the Jordanian [[Custodian of Enemy Property]].<ref name="The Spectator">{{cite news |url=http://www.spectator.co.uk/melaniephillips/5241226/the-british-decide-that-israeli-law-is-unacceptable.thtml |title=The British decide that Israeli law is 'unacceptable' |first=Melanie |last=Phillips |date=2009-08-04 |publisher=[[The Spectator]] }}</ref>
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| - | During the [[Six-Day War]] of 1967, Israel captured East Jerusalem, including Sheikh Jarrah. In 1972, the Sephardic Community Committee and the Knesset Yisrael Committee went to court to reclaim their property in the neighborhood. In 1982, they demanded rent for this property and the [[Supreme Court of Israel]] ruled in their favor. The tenants were allowed to remain as long as they paid rent.<ref name="The Spectator"/>
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| - | ==Consulates and diplomatic missions==
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| - | During the 1960s, the neighborhood became a popular location for [[Diplomatic mission]]s and [[Consulate]]s, including:
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| - | The [[United Kingdom|British]] Consulate at 19 [[Nashashibi]] Street,<ref>{{Citation
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| - | | title = United Kingdom - Consulate General in Jerusalem - Our offices in Jerusalem
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| - | | url = http://ukinjerusalem.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/
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| - | | accessdate = 2011-01-23
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| - | }}</ref> the [[Turkey|Turkish]] Consulate next door at 20 [[Nashashibi]] Street, the [[Belgium|Belgian]] Consulate, the [[Sweden|Swedish]] Consulate, the [[Spain|Spanish]] Consulate, and the [[UN]] mission at Saint George Street.<ref>{{Citation
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| - | | title = List of embassies and consulates in Israel
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| - | | url = http://www.embassiesabroad.com/embassies-in/Israel#15675
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| - | | accessdate = 2009-11-07
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| - | }}</ref>
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| - | [[Tony Blair]], the envoy of the [[Quartet on the Middle East|Diplomatic Quartet]], resides at the neighborhood's [[American Colony Hotel]], when visiting the region.<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=994589 The Englishwoman who ran an oasis in the heart of the conflict - Haaretz - Israel News<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
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| - | ==Transportation==
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| - | {{Jerusalem First LRT Line}}
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| - | The neighbourhood's [[Main Street]], Nablus Road or Derech Shchem (In Hebrew), was previously part of [[Highway 60 (Israel)|route 60]], during the 1990s a new route was built to the west of the neighbourhood, a new [[dual carriageway]] with 2 lines in each direction and a separate [[bus]] line. The bus line is currently being converted to a [[Light rail]] route part of the first line of the [[Jerusalem Light Rail]]. The line will include a station next to the neighbourhood, which is expected to be opened at the end of 2010.<ref>{{Citation
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| - | | title = The Jerusalem Light Rail Map
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| - | | url = http://www.citypass.co.il/english/FirstLine3bigmappE.htm
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| - | | journal = Citypass
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| - | | accessdate = 2009-11-08
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| - | }}</ref>
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| - | ==Property disputes ==
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| - | In recent years, private Jewish groups are seeking to regain possession of property in Sheikh Jarrah once owned by Jews and purchase new property. The areas in question are the Shepherd Hotel compound, the Mufti's Vineyard, the building of the el-Ma'amuniya school, the [[Simeon the Just|Simeon the Just/Shimon HaTzadik]] compound, and the Nahlat Shimon neighborhood. At the same time, foreign investors from Arab states, particularly the [[Persian Gulf]], are seeking to purchase properties to further Palestinian interests.<ref name="JCPA">{{cite news |url=http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=1&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=442&PID=0&IID=3056&TTL=The_U.S.-Israeli_Dispute_over_Building_in_Jerusalem:_The_Sheikh_Jarrah-Shimon_HaTzadik_Neighbo |title=The Sheikh Jarrah-Shimon HaTzadik Neighborhood |first=Nadav |last=Shragai |date=2009-07-27 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] }}</ref>
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| - | Many offers have been made to families in the neighborhood to sell their property to Jewish and Saudi groups. In 2001, [[Israeli settlement|Israeli settler]]s broke into a sealed section of the al-Kurd family's house and refused to leave, claiming the property was owned by Jews.<ref name="Haaretz"/> In 2008, the Jerusalem District Court ruled that the "Shimon Hatzadik" property belonged to the Sephardic Community Committee. Despite the court ruling that the Arab families had protected tenant status as long as they paid rent, several families refused to pay, ending in their eviction. The al-Kurd family was evicted on November 9, 2008, and Israeli settlers were allowed to move in, sparking a protest by the [[United States]]. Muhammad al-Kurd, the head of the family, died eleven days after the eviction. The court ruling was based upon an [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]-era bill of sale whose authenticity was allegedly disproved in 2009 when Turkish records showed that the building was only rented to the Jewish group and not sold.<ref name="Haaretz2"/> Fawzieh al-Kurd continues to protest the eviction and lives in an encampment in East Jerusalem.<ref name="Haaretz">{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1005342.html |title=U.S. protests eviction of Arab family from East Jerusalem home |first=Akiva |last=Elder |date=2008-07-27 |publisher=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref><ref name="Haaretz2">{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1047895.html |title=Twilight Zone / Non-Jews need not apply |first=Gideon |last=Levy |date=2008-12-27 |publisher=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article10654.shtml |title=Sheikh Jarrah residents refuse to be displaced |first=Marcey |last=Gayer |date=2009-07-10 |publisher=[[Electronic Intifada]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1072208.html |title=Turkish documents prove Arabs own E. Jerusalem building |first=Nir |last=Hasson |date=2009-03-19 |publisher=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref>
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| - | On August 2, 2009, following an Israeli court decision, two Palestinian families (al-Hanoun and al-Ghawi), consisting of 53 persons, were evicted from two homes in Sheikh Jarrah. Jewish settlers moved into the houses almost immediately. The [[Supreme Court of Israel]] previously ruled that Jewish families had owned the land. The municipality of Jerusalem intends to build a block of 20 apartments in the area. The [[United Nations]] coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process, [[Robert H. Serry]], said the evictions were "totally unacceptable actions... contrary to the provisions of the Geneva Conventions related to occupied territory. These actions heighten tensions and undermine international efforts to create conditions for fruitful negotiations to achieve peace."<ref name="BBC">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8180413.stm Palestinians evicted in Jerusalem] ''[[BBC News]]''. 2009-08-02.</ref> [[United States Department of State|United States State Department]] spokeswoman Megan Mattson said they constitute violations of Israel's obligations under U.S.-backed "[[Road map for peace]]".<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32259294/ns/world_news-mideastn_africa/ 50 Palestinians evicted from Jerusalem homes Israeli police then allowed Jewish settlers to move into the houses] ''[[MSNBC]]''. 2009-08-02.</ref> Palestinian negotiator [[Saeb Erekat]] condemned the move, saying "Tonight, while these new settlers from abroad will be accommodating themselves and their belongings in these Palestinian houses, 19 newly homeless children will have nowhere to sleep."<ref name="BBC"/> Yakir Segev, a member of Jerusalem's municipal council, countered the condemnations stating "This is a matter of the court. It is a civil dispute between Palestinian families and those of Israeli settlers, regarding who is the rightful owner of this property... Israeli law is the only law we are obliged to obey."<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2009/08/200982141410746242.html East Jerusalem evictions condemned] ''[[Al-Jazeera English]]''. Al-Jazeera and Agencies. 2009-08-02.</ref>
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| - | During the relevant Court sessions, lawyers for the Jewish families involved in the dispute argued that documents from the Ottoman Empire originally used to prove that a Jewish Sephardic organization had purchased the land in question in the 19th century are indeed valid, while Palestinian lawyers claimed that they had a document from Turkish archives indicating that the Jewish organization that claims to own the land only rented it, and as such was not the rightful owner.<ref name="haaretz.com">http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1072208.html</ref> Moreover, the Palestinian families and their supporters maintained that Ottoman documents that Israel's Supreme Court had validated were in fact forgeries, and that the original ruling and therefore evictions relating to that ruling should be reversed.<ref>http://www.countercurrents.org/cook250309.htm</ref><ref>http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull&cid=1249275679490 {{Dead link|date=January 2011}} </ref> The lawyer for the Israeli families emphasized that the land deeds had been checked by many courts and found to be authentic,<ref name="haaretz.com"/> and indeed, the Court's decision preceding the aforementioned evictions found that the document presented by the Palestinian side is in fact a forgery, while the document proving Jewish ownership is authentic.<ref name="IsraelNationalNews.com">http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/132678</ref>
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| - | The ongoing dispute has prompted a weekly solidarity protest by young Jews. Noticing that settlers used Friday prayers as an occasion to mock the Palestinian holdouts, Jewish activists organized rallies in support of the Palestinians. Many Palestinians perceive the case of Sheikh Jarrah as a double standard based on ethnicity as Jews are given the right to claim property lost in the 1948 Israeli War of Independence; however, Palestinians, who lost the right to their properties located in Israel, due to Israel's [[Absentee Property Law]], are not permitted to reclaim lands they lost in the same war. The Israeli police have declared the rallies in Sheikh Jarrah illegal.<ref>[http://www.en.justjlm.org/?page_id=2 Sheikh Jarrah: a just struggle for a just Jerusalem]</ref>
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| - | ==Landmarks==
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| - | ===St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital===
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| - | {{main|St John Eye Hospital Group}}
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| - | The '''St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital''' is a Foundation of [[Knights Hospitaller|The Order of St John]]. The Hospital Group is based in [[Jerusalem]] and is the main provider of eye care in the [[West Bank]], [[Gaza Strip|Gaza]] and [[East Jerusalem]]. Patients receive care regardless of race, religion or ability to pay.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stjohneyehospital.org/ |title="St John Eye Hospital | Improving Sight, Changing Lives" |accessdate=January 23, 2011}}</ref>
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| - | The St John Ophthalmic Hospital opened in 1882, in its first location, in Hebron Road just south of the [[Old City (Jerusalem)|Old City of Jerusalem]] opposite [[Mount Zion]] by [[Knights Hospitaller|The Order of St John]]. The hospital was founded and, later, granted a [[Royal Charter]] by [[Queen Victoria]]. The decision to have this charitable enterprise be an eye hospital was made because eye disease was then, as it is now, widespread in the area and far-reaching in its consequences.<ref name=KroyankerRevised>{{Citation
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| - | | title = Jerusalem Architecture [Hardcover]
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| - | | year = Revised edition (November 1, 2003)
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| - | | author = Kroyanker, David
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| - | | journal = Vendome Press
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| - | | isbn = 978-0865651470
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| - | }}</ref>
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| - | The hospital's present building in Sheikh Jarrah was opened in 1960 at [[Nashashibi|Nashashibi Street]].
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| - | ===St. Joseph's French Hospital===
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| - | The St. Joseph's French Hospital is situated across the street from St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital and is run by a French Catholic charity. It is a 73-bed hospital with three main operating theaters, coronary care unit, X-ray, laboratory facilities, and outpatient clinic. Facilities in internal medicine, surgery, neurosurgery, E.N.T., pediatric surgery and orthopedics.<ref>[http://www.biojerusalem.org.il/database_hospital.asp?ID=11 BioJerusalem - Hospital database]</ref>
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| - | ===Religious sites===
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| - | The Jewish presence in Sheikh Jarrah centered around the [[Tomb of Simeon the Just|tomb of Shimon HaTzadik]], one of the last members of the Great Assembly, the governing body of the Jewish people after the Babylonian Exile. According to the Babylonian Talmud, Shimon HaTzadik met with [[Alexander the Great]] when the Macedonian army passed through the [[Land of Israel]] and convinced him not to destroy the Second Temple. For years Jews made pilgrimages to his tomb in Sheikh Jarrah, a practice documented in travel literature. In 1876, the cave and the adjoining land, planted with 80 ancient olive trees, were purchased by the Jews for 15,000 francs. Dozens of Jewish families built homes on the property.<ref>[http://google.com/search?q=cache:eh-e2rYUjwUJ:www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp%3FDBID%3D1%26LNGID%3D1%26TMID%3D111%26FID%3D442%26PID%3D0%26IID%3D3056+israeli+police+mount+scopus&cd=9&hl=en&ct=clnk Jerusalem Issue Briefs]</ref>
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| - | Also located in Sheikh Jarrah is a medieval [[mosque]] dedicated to one the soldiers of [[Saladin]], the Muslim sultan who wrested control of Jerusalem from the [[Crusades|Crusader]]s in the 12th century. The [[St. George's Cathedral, Jerusalem|St. George's Anglican Cathedral]] is situated in the neighborhood, along with an old Jewish cemetery known as the "Graves of the Kings."{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}
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| - | ===Shepherd Hotel===
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| - | [[Image:MuftiHouse.jpg|thumb|right|While writing ''The Arab Awakening'', Antonius was a tenant at this house, belonging to the Mufti. Picture from 1933.]]
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| - | The Shepherd Hotel in Sheikh Jarrah was originally a villa built for the [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem]]. The mufti, who never lived in it, transferred property rights to his personal secretary, [[George Antonius]] and his wife, Katy.<ref name="ReferenceA">[http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArtStEngPE.jhtml?itemNo=1112065&contrassID=2&subContrassID=5&title=%27Jay%20Gatsby%20in%20Jerusalem%20%27&dyn_server=172.20.5.5Palestinians File of old letters and photos shows Shepherd Hotel is no stranger to scandal]</ref> After the death of George Antonius in 1942, the house became a meeting place for Jerusalem's elite, although Israeli citizens were not permited to live there. While living in the house, Katy Antonius had a highly-publicized affair with the commander of the British forces in Palestine, [[Evelyn Barker]]. In 1947, the Jewish underground [[Irgun]] blew up a house nearby. Antonius left the house, and a regiment of Scottish Highlanders was stationed there.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> After the 1948 War, it was taken over by the Jordanian authorities and turned into a pilgrim hotel. In 1985, it was bought by the American Jewish millionaire [[Irving Moskowitz]] and continued to operate as a hotel, renamed the Shefer Hotel. The Israeli border police used it as base for several years.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> In 2007, when Moskowitz initiated plans to build 122 apartments on the site of the hotel, the work was condemned by the [[United Kingdom|British]] government.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/britain-protests-to-olmert-about-illegal-settlement-447535.html Britain protests to Olmert about illegal settlement] Donald Macintyre, ''[[The Independent]]'', May 5, 2007</ref> In 2009 the plan was modified, but was still condemned by the U.S. and U.K. governments,<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/aug/04/israel-evictions-jerusalem-palestinian-families Israel's evictions upset even its friends], Ian Black, ''[[The Guardian]]'', August 4, 2009</ref> Permission to build 20 apartments near the hotel was given in 2009, and formal approval was announced by the Jerusalem municipality on March 23, 2010, hours before Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] met with President [[Barack Obama]].<ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1158417.html New East Jerusalem homes approved hours before Netanyahu-Obama meet], Nir Hasson, ''[[Haaretz]]'', March 23, 2010.</ref> The ''[[Haaretz]]'' reported that, "an existing structure in the area will be torn down to make room for the housing units, while the historic Shepherd Hotel will remain intact.[[Image:Sheferedisdead.jpg|thumb|right|Demolition of Shepherds Hotel, January 2011]] A three-story parking structure and an access road will also be constructed on site."<ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1158417.html Israel to U.S.: Latest East Jerusalem building okayed last year], Nir Hasson, Barak Ravid and Natasha Mozgovaya, Haaretz Correspondents, and News Agencies, ''[[Haaretz]]'', March 24, 2010</ref> The hotel was finally demolished on January 9, 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title= Clinton slams Israeli demolition of historic hotel|author= Matthew Lee|url= http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110109/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_us_clinton_israel;_ylt=AukboZ1HfBTZrP.ZpO6ZVc0LewgF;_ylu=X3oDMTJyOGFrMW0wBGFzc2V0A2FwLzIwMTEwMTA5L21sX3VzX2NsaW50b25faXNyYWVsBHBvcwMyMARzZWMDeW5fcGFnaW5hdGVfc3VtbWFyeV9saXN0BHNsawNjbGludG9uc2xhbXM-|newspaper= [[Associated Press]]|date= Jan 9, 2010|accessdate=8 January 2011}}</ref>
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| - | {{Neighborhoods of Jerusalem}}
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| - | Источник
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| - | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Jarrah Статья "Sheikh Jarrah" в английском разделе Википедии]
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| - | ==Примечания==
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| - | {{reflist|2}}
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| - | <!-- [[Category:Arab–Israeli conflict]]
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| - | [[Category:Arab neighborhoods in Jerusalem]] -->
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| - | [[Категория:Черновые материалы для работы]]
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