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| - | | ДАТА СОЗДАНИЯ =5.11.2011
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| - | <!--
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| - | {{refimprove|date=October 2008}}
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| - | {{Infobox Company
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| - | | company_name = Zim Integrated Shipping Services
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| - | | logo = [[Image:ZIM Barcelona.jpg|thumb|ZIM Barcelona]]
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| - | | caption =
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| - | | company_type = [[Public company|Public]]
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| - | | foundation = 1945
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| - | | location =
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| - | | key_people =
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| - | | area_served =
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| - | | industry = [[Shipping]]
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| - | | products =
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| - | | revenue =
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| - | | net_income =
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| - | | homepage = [http://www.zim.com/ www.zim.com]
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| - | }}
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| - | '''Zim Integrated Shipping Services''' ({{lang-he|צים}}), formerly ''Zim American Israeli Shipping'' and ''ZIM Israel Navigation Company'', is the biggest cargo [[shipping]] [[company (law)|company]] in [[Israel]], and 10th largest in the world. The company's North American headquarters are based in [[Norfolk, Virginia]].
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| - | ==History==
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| - | ZIM was founded in 1945, by the [[Jewish Agency]] and the [[Histadrut]] (General Federation of Laborers in the Land of Israel). The first ship was purchased in partnership with Harris and Dixon (based in [[London]]) in 1947. This vessel was refurbished, renamed {{SS|Kedmah}}, and sailed to the future state of Israel in the summer of 1947. During her first years, her main task was transporting hundreds of thousands of immigrants to the emerging state. Some of the other ships that had been used for clandestine immigration before the establishment of Israel as a state were confiscated by the [[United Kingdom|British]] mandate authorities and later joined the company's fleet. The company continued to purchase more ships, among them {{SS|Negba}}, {{SS|Artza}} and {{SS|Galila}}.
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| - | During the [[Israeli War of Independence|1948 war]], the company was the sole maritime connection with the state of Israel, supplying food, freight and military equipment.
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| - | In 1953, some of the money from the reparations agreement between Israel and [[West Germany]] was allocated to the purchase of 36 new ships, a massive expansion of ZIM's fleet.
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| - | The 1950s and 1960s saw ZIM concentrate on passenger ships, alongside a constant expansion of the cargo shipping business. Passenger liners were a common means of international transport before the emergence of cheap air transport, and pleasure cruises were also popular. ZIM sailed the [[Mediterranean Sea]], as well as having regular routes to the [[United States]]. Some of its ships cruised to the Caribbean during the winter. 1964 saw the completion of the [[ocean liner]] {{SS|Shalom}}, which turned out to be a failure, marking the end of the ZIM passenger shipping era.
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| - | During the 1960s ZIM started to turn its focus to cargo ships, and obtained several special-purpose vessels, including refrigerated shipping, and oil tankers. ZIM transported crude oil from [[Iran]] to Israel, and oil byproducts from Israel to Europe.
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| - | The 1970s saw ZIM expanding into the [[containerization|container]] shipping business. ZIM ordered 6 such ships, and gradually made this its main line of business.
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| - | In 1981 one of the company's ships, ''Mezada'', was lost at sea and at the same time, ZIM was suffering, alongside other shipping companies, from the lull in maritime shipping at the beginning of the 1980s, but it recovered, and during the 1990s had 15 more ships built in [[Germany]]. At this time, the ownership of ZIM was divided between the Israeli government and "Hachevra Le-Israel".
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| - | ==ZIM Today==
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| - | In 2004, ZIM was purchased by the [[Ofer Brothers Group]]. The new official name after privatization became Zim Integrated Shipping Services. The purchase deal for about five hundred million [[New Israeli Shekels]] was severely criticized by the press<ref>[http://www.themarker.com/eng/archive/arc_article.jhtml?ElementId=gr20050124_01e Secrets of shakshuka, Haaretz]</ref> and the [[State Comptroller of Israel]]<ref>[http://www.mevaker.gov.il/serve/showHtml.asp?bookid=426&id=0&frompage=1099&contentid=7981&parentcid=7978&direction=1&bctype=0&frombutton=0&startpage=24&sw=1024&hw=698]</ref> as being undervalued and becoming just another flag of convenience company
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| - | [[Category:Water transport in Israel]]
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| - | [[Category:Container shipping companies]]
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| - | [[Category:Companies based in Norfolk, Virginia]]
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| - | [[Category:Shipping companies of Israel]]
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| - | [[Category:Israeli brands]]
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| - | -->
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| - | == Источники и ссылки ==
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| - | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zim_Integrated_Shipping_Services Статья "Zim Integrated Shipping Services" в английском разделе Википедии]
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| - | * [http://www.zim.com/ Сайт компании]
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| - | == Примечания ==
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| - | {{reflist}}
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| - | [[Category:Транспортные компании Израиля]]
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