Фридман, Дэвид (драматург)

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{{другие значения|тип=имя|Фридман, Дэвид (значения)}}
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Фридман, Дэвид
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{{Other persons|David Freedman}}
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'''David Freedman''' (April 26, 1898 &ndash; December 8, 1936) was a [[Romania]]n-born [[United States|American]] [[playwright]] and [[biographer]] who became known as the "King of the Gag-writers" in the early days of radio.
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David Freedman was born in [[Botoşani]], Romania, as the first child and only son of Sara and Israel Freedman. Israel, a political refugee, immigrated with his young family to the [[United States]] in 1900, where four years later, David’s sister Sophie became the first Freedman born in the U.S.
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Freedman graduated from the [[City College of New York]] in 1918, the first in his family to complete a formal education beyond high school. In September 1918, he married Beatrice (née Rebecca Goodman), a fellow New Yorker, who was born in the city on September 27, 1899 (her parents had fled from [[Chişinău|Kishinev]], [[Russia]]). Within five years they had three sons, Benedict (1919), Noel (1922 - now known as [[David Noel Freedman]]), and Toby (1924). A decade later their only daughter, who is now known as Laurie Hayden, arrived.
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From 1924 on, Freedman was a self-employed [[writer]]. He created [[Sketch comedy|sketch]]es for [[Musical theatre|musicals]] and had shows on Broadway almost every year from 1926 through 1937. His novel ''Mendel Marantz'' (1925) featured a Jewish father who frequently made witty remarks. His first play, ''Mendel, Inc.'', debuted in 1929. When [[radio]] replaced [[vaudeville]], Freedman—who already enjoyed a reputation as a popular, versatile writer—was ready for the new medium. He was prolific, creating as many as six [[entertainment]] programs a week for several years, and eventually worked in movies as well.
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Freedman was also a biographer and wrote about industry insiders. His first biography, the [[Eddie Cantor]] memoir ''My Life Is in Your Hands'' (1928, "as told to" Freedman by Cantor), became a [[bestseller]] and was nominated for a [[Pulitzer Prize]]. Freedman and Cantor collaborated on a biography of showman [[Florenz Ziegfeld]]; ''Ziegfeld: the Great Glorifier'' (1934) was used for the film ''Ziegfeld Follies'' (1945). Similarly, ''Phantom Fame'' (1931) became the basis for the movie ''The Half-Naked Truth'' (1932).
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In the mid-1930s Freedman contributed scripts for short comedies produced by [[Educational Pictures]] in New York. The best known is probably ''[[Blue Blazes]]'' (1936), starring [[Buster Keaton]] as an inept fireman.
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Freedman suffered a massive heart attack on the evening of Monday, December 7, 1936. By the morning of the 8th, he was dead, leaving Beatrice, his partner of 18 years, and their four children, who ranged in age from just under 17 to just under 2 years.
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===Legacy===
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According to his son, David Noel Freedman, it is unlikely that contemporary audiences would appreciate most of David Freedman's work (though his jokes about the stock market still ring true), because most of his jokes played on the peculiarities and sensitivities of his era. Freedman’s stories, however, have a timeless quality. As the years passed, his family honored his memory with the [[posthumous work|posthumous]] publication of ''The Intellectual Lover'' (1940, repr. 2007), a collection of short stories that were originally published individually between 1922 and 1928.
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Of the countless pieces Freedman wrote between 1920 and 1936, ''Mendel, Inc.'' (1929) is the only fully realized play. A product of the beginning of his brief career, it embodies the mature thoughts of a humorist/playwright. On June 2, 2004, this classic [[comedy]] about an immigrant Jewish family living in the uncertain times of 1929 of the Lower East Side was read to a packed house at the North Coast Repertory Theatre in [[Solana Beach, California]]. ''Mendel, Inc.'' was also used as the basis for the 1932 [[Warner Brothers]] film ''The Heart of New York.'' a vehicle for Jewish-dialect comedians [[Smith and Dale]], with comedian George Sidney as the pivotal character, Mendel Marantz.
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Four books by Freedman were translated into Russian and published by Ogonyok in 1926; they enjoyed tremendous popularity for a short while, and Mendel's witty "definitions" were quoted everywhere, but within a year they were eclipsed by the comic writings of [[Ilf and Petrov]] and [[Mikhail Zoshchenko]], and were soon forgotten, although [[Anatoly Rybakov]] has a character quote Mendel in ''[[Children of the Arbat]]'' (set in 1933).<ref>Alexander Lazarovich, "[http://www.vestnik.com/issues/2001/0522/win/leyzerovich.htm Забытый писатель - Давид Фридман]" (A forgotten writer - David Freedman), ''Vestnik'', May 22, 2001.</ref>
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A fictionalized version of David Freedman appears as "Harry Goldhandler" in the novel ''[[Inside, Outside]]'' by [[Herman Wouk]].
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== Writings ==
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===Books===
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* ''The Intellectual Lover and Other Stories'' (1940 and 1986)
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* ''Ziegfeld: the Great Glorifier'' (1934)
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* ''Your Next President!'' (1932)
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* ''Phantom Fame: The Anatomy of Ballyhoo'' (1931)
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* ''Yoo-Hoo Prosperity! The Eddie Cantor Five-year Plan'' (1931)
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* ''Between the Acts'' (1930)
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* ''Caught Short! a Saga of Wailing Wall Street'' (1929)
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* ''My Life Is in Your Hands'' (1928 and 2000)
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* ''Mendel Marantz'' (1925 and 1986)
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===Shows===
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* ''Betsy''
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* ''Crazy Quilt''
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* ''Forward March''
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* ''[[Life Begins at 8:40]]''
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* ''Mendel, Inc.''
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* ''[[The Show is On]]''
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* ''Sweet and Low''
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* ''White Horse Inn''
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* ''[[Ziegfeld Follies]] of 1934''
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* ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1936''
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===Films===
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* ''Ziegfeld Follies''
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* ''The Half Naked Truth''
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* ''The Heart of New York''
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* ''Palmy Days''
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== References ==
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<references/>
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== Sources ==
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*[[Arnold M. Auerbach|Auerbach, Arnold]], ''Funny Men Don't Laugh'' (Doubleday, NY, 1965); this book is a memoir, largely covering Auerbach's period of apprenticeship with Freedman, but the name "Lou Jacobs" is substituted in place of "David Freedman"
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*[[Konrad Bercovici|Bercovici, Konrad]], introduction to ''The Intellectual Lover and Other Stories'' by David Freedman.
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*Morris Buckley, Patricia, "Long-lost Play Resurrected for Jewish Arts Festival", ''North County Times'', May 26, 2004.
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*Various ''New York Times'' articles.
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*Additional sources include the credits listed in the items in the Select Anthology and confirmation of the contents of this article by Herman Wouk (December, 2004, Palm Springs, CA), David Noel Freedman (December, 2004, La Jolla, CA, and other members of the Freedman family in 2005), and members of the Cantor family (2006).
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{{Persondata
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| NAME              = Freedman, David
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| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
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| DATE OF BIRTH    = April 26, 1898
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| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
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| DATE OF DEATH    = December 8, 1936
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| PLACE OF DEATH    =
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}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Freedman, David}}
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[[Category:1898 births]]
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[[Category:1936 deaths]]
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[[Category:Romanian Jews]]
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[[Category:American people of Romanian-Jewish descent]]
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[[Category:American people of Romanian descent]]
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[[Category:American dramatists and playwrights]]
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[[Category:American humorists]]
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[[Category:American biographers]]
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[[Category:American musical theatre librettists]]
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[[Category:People from Botoşani]]
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-->
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== Источники и ссылки ==
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Freedman Статья "David Freedman" в английском разделе Википедии]
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* [http://www.David-Freedman.info David-Freedman.info]
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* {{imdb name|0293166|David Freedman (I)}} The Internet Movie Database entry for David Freedman
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Примечания
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{{Примечания}}
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[[Category:Черновые материалы для работы]]
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Текущая версия на 01:20, 31 мая 2013

  1. redirect ej:Фридман, Дэвид (драматург)
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