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| - | | + | #redirect [[:ej:Тель hа-Шомер]] |
| - | {{coord|32|2|31.02|N|34|51|22.42|E|display=title}}
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| - | ТЕЛЬ-ХА-ШОМЕ́Р (תֵּל הַשֹּׁוֹמֵר), микрорайон на юго-востоке [[Рамат-Ган]]а, близ мошава [[Кфар-Азар]], названного в честь А. З. Рабиновича.
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| - | В прошлом — небольшое поселение, основанное в 1934 г. членами семьи Литвински и называвшееся Тель-Литвински; его хозяйство базировалось на цитрусовых.
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| - | Во время [[Вторая мировая война|Второй мировой войны]] здесь находился британский военный лагерь.
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| - | Во время [[Война за независимость|Войны за независимость]] здесь был устроен военный госпиталь, ставший позже государственной больницей, которая вначале называлась «Тель-ха-Шомер», а затем [[Больница Шиба|больница имени Шиба]], в память ее бывшего директора [[Шиба, Хаим|Х. Шибера (Шиба; 1908–71)]]. Обслуживает большой район [[Гуш-Дан]]а.
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| - | В Тель-hа-Шомер располагается база по приему и распределению призывников [[ЦАХАЛ|Армии обороны Израиля]].
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| - | == Источники ==
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| - | * [http://www.eleven.co.il/?mode=article&id=14075&query=%D2%C5%CB%DC-%D5%C0-%D8%CE%CC%C5%D0 Электронная еврейская энциклопедия на основании КЕЭ, том 8, кол. 936]
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| - | <!-- * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_HaShomer "Tel HaShomer" из английской части Википедии] -->
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| - | <!-- '''Tel HaShomer''' ({{lang-he-n|תֵּל הַשּׁוֹמֵר}}, ''lit.'' Hill of [[HaShomer|the Guardsman]]) is a district in [[Gush Dan]] in central [[Israel]]. It is located east of [[Ramat Gan]], and is bordered to the north by [[Kiryat Ono]], to the east by [[Yehud]], and to the south by [[Or Yehuda]]. A major [[Israel Defense Forces]] base and the [[Sheba Medical Center]] are located in Tel HaShomer.
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| - | ==History==
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| - | Tel Litvinsky (later Tel Hashomer) was a [[moshava]] established in 1934 by Moshe and Emil Litvinsky in memory of their father Elhanan Litvinsky. The first inhabitants were Jewish immigrants from Germany and Poland. In 1936, it was noted for its high proportion of academics and doctors.<ref name="ariel">{{cite encyclopedia|author=Vilnai, Ze'ev|authorlink=Zev Vilnay|title=Tel Litvinsky|encyclopedia=Ariel Encyclopedia|volume=Volume 8|pages=8126–8127|publisher=Am Oved|location=[[Tel Aviv]], Israel|year=1980}} {{he icon}}</ref> During [[World War II]], most of the village lands were expropriated for the construction of a British military base. The base was of strategic importance because it controlled the [[Jaffa]]–[[Ben Gurion International Airport|Lydda Airport]] road. It was also used to house Italian [[prisoner of war|prisoners of war]].
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| - | ===1948 Arab–Israeli War===
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| - | A Jewish attack on the base took place on November 29, 1947, when the [[Palmach]] stole explosives and 75 rifles.<ref name="carta-1948">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Carta's Atlas of Israel|year=1978|publisher=[[Carta (publisher)|Carta]]|location=[[Jerusalem]], [[Israel]]|editor=Evyatar Nur|author=Wallach, Jeuda|coauthors=Lorekh, Netanel; Yitzhaki, Aryeh|title=The Acquisitions in Israel|volume=Volume 2 - The First Years 1948–1961|page=13}} {{he icon}}</ref> Towards of the end of the [[British Mandate of Palestine]], Arabs under the command of [[Hasan Salama]] began smuggling in arms and personnel disguised as laborers into the camp. The [[Haganah]] command saw this as a threat and on April 15, 1948, two companies for the 32nd and 33rd Battalions of the [[Alexandroni Brigade]] entered and captured the base. Arab forces counterattacked from [[al-Khayriyya]], [[Kafr 'Ana]], [[al-'Abbasiyya]] and [[Saqiya (village)|Saqiya]], but the Jewish forces reinforced and pushed them back to a small salient in the south of the camp, which was captured later in [[Operation Hametz]]. The Alexandroni Brigade lost three soldiers, which the Arab losses are estimated at about 50.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alexandroni.org/site.php?battle=litwinski|publisher=[[Alexandroni Brigade]]|title=Capture of Camp Tel Litvinsky (Tel HaShomer)|accessdate=2008-10-27}}</ref>
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| - | The area was renamed to Tel HaShomer in 1948, after [[HaShomer]], an early [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]-period Jewish defense organization.
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| - | ==Structures and installations==
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| - | It is well known for its central [[Israel Defence Forces]] base (Camp Yaakov Dori), which contains important installations such as:
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| - | *The Recruitment Bureau (''Lishkat HaGiyus'') - handles new draftees before they are recruited.
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| - | *''[[Meitav (military unit)|Meitav]]'', until May 2006 known as ''Bsis Klita UMiyun'' (''Bakum'') - induction base for drafted soldiers, where they get "militarized" (receive uniforms, basic gear, etc.) and are allotted to their units.
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| - | * Factory which manufactures [[Merkava]] tanks (7100th Maintenance Center).<ref name="orbat">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/israel/army-orbat.htm|title=IDF Ground Forces Order of Battle|accessdate=2008-10-10|publisher=[[GlobalSecurity.org]]}}</ref>
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| - | * Several IDF corps' HQs: [[Military Police Corps (Israel)|Military Police]], [[Education and Youth Corps|Educational Corps]], [[Logistics Corps]], [[Ordnance Corps (Israel)|Ordnance Corps]], [[Medical Corps (Israel)|Medical Corps]].
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| - | Adjacent to the base there are both military and civilian [[hospital]]s (in adjoining complexes) known as the [[Tel HaShomer Hospital]]. The civilian hospital is named [[Sheba Medical Center]] and is under the municipal jurisdiction of Ramat Gan. [[Magen David Adom]] has its headquarters and main blood bank on site.
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| - | ==References==
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| - | {{reflist}}
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