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| + | #redirect [[:ej:Лондонский Бааль Шем]] |
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- | | ДАТА СОЗДАНИЯ =28/02/2013
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- | }}{{Начало_работы}}
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- | {{Персона
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- | |имя = Яаков Шмуэль Хаим Фальк
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- | |оригинал имени = Jacob Samuel Hayyim Falk
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- | |портрет = Besht.jpg
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- | |размер = 220px
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- | |описание = Этот портрет часто помещают в тексты о [[Бааль Шем Тов|Бааль-Шеме]], считая, что именно он изображён на нём. На самом деле это рабби Фальк, "Бааль Шем из Лондона".<ref>http://www.tovste.info/Personalities/BaalShemTov.php</ref>
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- | |имя при рождении =
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- | |род деятельности = [[Раввин]]
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- | |дата рождения = 1708
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- | |дата смерти = 17.04.1782
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- | |место смерти = [[Лондон]]
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- | Рабби доктор '''Хаим Сэмьюэл Джейкоб Фальк''' (иврит <big>חיים שמואל יעקב פאלק</big>; также известен как "Бааль Шем из Лондона" и "доктор Фалькон"; 1708 – 17 апреля 1782) был [[раввин]]ом, [[Практическая каббала|практическим каббалистом]] и алхимиком.
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- | == Биографические сведения ==
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- | Он родился то ли в Фюрте, Бавария, то ли в [[Подгайцы|Подгайцах]], в Подолье.
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- | В 1742 году он прибыл в Лондон после побега из Вестфалии, где был приговорён властями к сожжению заживо по обвинению в колдовстве. Он жил в Лондоне на Прескотт стрит, 35 и на площади Вэллклоуз до своей смерти.
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- | <!--
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- | ==Folklore surrounding Falk==
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- | Many stories were current concerning Falk's extraordinary powers. According to one account, it was Falk's custom to make clandestine visits to [[Epping Forest]] in his carriage, where he was reported to have buried quantities of treasure. On one of these occasions a wheel came loose from the vehicle on the [[Whitechapel Road]], but followed the carriage all the way to the forest. When Falk ran short of coal, he was said to have performed a magical feat involving three shirts and a [[ram's horn]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Ceremonies, Customs, Rites, and Traditions of the Jews|last=Isaacs|first=Hyam|year=1850|publisher=William Buck|pages=355–356}}</ref> Falk was also able to keep [[candles]] burning miraculously, and to transport objects from one place to another.
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- | Some claimed that he had saved the [[Great Synagogue of London|Great Synagogue]] from a fire raging in the neighbourhood by writing four [[Hebrew]] letters on the pillars of the door. The most famous tale of Rabbi Falk concerns his connection with the death of Aaron Goldsmid, one of the Baal Shem's executors appointed in his will.<ref>{{cite book|title=Memoirs of the Life of Benjamin Goldsmid |last=Alexander|first=Levy|year=1808}}</ref>
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- | == Jewish opinion of Falk ==
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- | The Baal Shem of London was received very equivocally by the Jews themselves, however, although he seems to have been friendly with Chief Rabbi [[Tevele Schiff|David Tevele Schiff]], whom Falk referred to as the "rabbi of London and the entire country".<ref>Falk's commonplace book: Jewish Museum, London: United Synagogue Beth HaMidrash Library, London, as summarized in Adler, 'Baal Shem', 149, 166–73.</ref> Falk bequeathed in his will an annual sum of 100 pounds to the Great Synagogue ([[Duke's Place]]), London as well as some [[Sefer Torah]]s.
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- | Rabbi [[Jacob Emden]] accused him of being a [[Sabbatean]], a supporter of [[Sabbati Zevi]], as he invited Moses David of Podhayce, a known Sabbatean with connections to [[Jonathan Eibeschutz]], to his home.<ref>{{cite book|title=Mysticism, Magic and Kabbalah in Ashkenazi Judaism|last=Grözinger|first=Karl-Erich|coauthors=Dan, Joseph|year=1991|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|location=Berlin|isbn=3-11-013744-5}}</ref>
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- | == Diary and Biography ==
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- | Falk kept a diary containing records of dreams and the Kabbalistic names of angels. This can be found in the library of the [[United Synagogue]] in London. In 2002 Michal Oren published the diary and a biography of Falk.<ref>{{cite book |last= Oren|first= Michal|title= Samuel Falk, The Baal shem of London מ'בעל שד' ל'בעל שם'|publisher=[[Bialik]] Institute|year= 2002 |isbn= 965-342-850-0}}</ref> The diary is written in [[Hebrew]] and is very cryptic. The diary was published together with the diary of Falk's assistant, Tsvee Hirsch of Kalish.
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- | [[Category:Practical Kabbalah]]
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- | [[Category:Jewish English history]]
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- | [[Category:Orthodox Jews in London]]
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- | == Смерть и похороны ==
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- | Он умер 17 апреля 1782 года и похоронен на кладбище в Глоуб Роад, Майл Энд.
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- | == Примечания ==
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- | {{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
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- | {{Refbegin}}
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- | * Picciotto, James. ''Sketches of Anglo-Jewish History''. London: Soncino Press, 1956.
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- | * {{cite book|title=The Jews in the History of England, 1485–1850|last=Katz|first=David S.|year=1997|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-820667-4}}
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- | * {{cite book|title=The Theosophical Enlightenment|last=Godwin|first=Joscelyn|year=1995|publisher=State University of New York Press|location=Albany|isbn=0-7914-2151-1}}
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- | * {{JewishEncyclopedia|article=Falk, Ḥayyim Samuel Jacob|author=Joseph Jacobs and Hermann Adler|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=18&letter=F}}
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- | {{Refend}}
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- | == Источники и ссылки ==
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- | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayyim_Samuel_Jacob_Falk Статья "Hayyim Samuel Jacob Falk" из английского раздела Википедии]
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- | [[Category:История еврейского народа]]
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- | [[Category:Раввины Германии]]
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- | [[Category:Раввины Польши]]
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- | [[Category:Ахароним]]
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- | [[Category:Иудаизм в Великобритании]]
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- | [[Category:Каббалисты и исследователи каббалы]]
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- | [[Category:История евреев по странам]]
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- | [[Category:История евреев в новое время]]
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- | [[Category:Персоналии по алфавиту]]
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