Дэйчес, Дэвид

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{{Остатье
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| ДАТА СОЗДАНИЯ  =7/07/2012
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{{Персона
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|имя              = Давид Дейчес
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|имя при рождении =
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|род деятельности = Литературный критик, учёный
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|дата рождения    = 02.09.1912
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|место рождения  = Сандерленд, Англия
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|гражданство      = Великобритания
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|подданство      =
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|дата смерти      = 15.07.2005
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|место смерти    = Эдинбург, Шотландия
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'''David Daiches''' (2 September 1912 – 15 July 2005) was a [[Scotland|Scottish]] [[literary history|literary historian]] and [[literary critic]], scholar and writer. He wrote extensively on [[English literature]], [[Scottish literature]] and [[Scottish culture]].
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==Early life==
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He was born in [[Sunderland, Tyne and Wear|Sunderland]], into a [[Jew]]ish family with a [[Lithuania]]n background—the subject of his 1956 memoir, ''Two Worlds: An Edinburgh Jewish Childhood''. He moved to [[Edinburgh]] while still a young child, about the end of World War I, where his father, Rev. Dr. [[Salis Daiches]] was [[rabbi]] to Edinburgh's Jewish community, and founder of the city's branch of [[B'nai Brith]]. He studied at [[George Watson's College]] and won a scholarship to [[University of Edinburgh]] where he won the [[Elliot prize]]. He went to Oxford where he became the Elton [[Exhibition (scholarship)|exhibitioner]], and was elected [[Fellow]] of [[Balliol College, Oxford|Balliol College]] in 1936.
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Daiches is the father of [[Jenni Calder]], also a Scottish literary historian. His brother was the prominent Edinburgh [[Queen's Counsel|QC]] [[Lionel Daiches]].
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==Career==
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During [[World War II]], he worked for the [[British Embassy in Washington D.C.|British Embassy]] in [[Washington, DC]], producing pamphlets for the British Information Service and drafting (and delivering) speeches on British institutions and foreign policy.
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Daiches' first published work was ''The Place of Meaning in Poetry'', published in 1935. He was a prolific writer, producing works on English literature, Scottish literature, literary history and [[Literary criticism|criticism]] as well as the broader role of literature in society and culture. His ''[[The Novel and the Modern World]]'' (1939) was well received, and his expertise on the [[Modernist literature|modern period]] led to his co-editing ''The Norton Anthology of English Literature'' (1962). He also wrote the two-volume ''A Critical History of English Literature'' and edited the ''Penguin Companion to Literature - Britain and the Commonwealth'' (1971). He wrote biographical and critical works on [[Virginia Woolf]], [[Robert Louis Stevenson]], [[Robert Burns]], [[D. H. Lawrence]], [[John Milton]], and [[Sir Walter Scott]]. He also wrote two autobiographical volumes, books on [[Scotch Whisky]], the [[King James Bible]], and the cities of Edinburgh and [[Glasgow]], a biography of [[Bonnie Prince Charlie]], and a volume of poetry.
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Starting at the University of Edinburgh, he had a long and influential career teaching in the UK, the US and Canada. He taught or held visiting posts at Balliol College, the [[University of Chicago]], [[Cornell University]], [[Jesus College, Cambridge]], [[Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University]], the [[University of Minnesota]], [[McMaster University]] in Canada, [[Wesleyan University]] in Connecticut, and the [[University of California]]; besides setting up the English Department at the newly founded [[University of Sussex]]. From 1979 to 1984 he was President of the [[Association for Scottish Literary Studies]]<ref>{{cite book |title=David Daiches: a Celebration of His Life and Work |editor1-first=William |editor1-last=Baker |editor2-first=Michael |editor2-last=Lister |year=2007 |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |location=Eastbourne, UK |isbn=978-1-84519-159-7 |page=70 |accessdate=11 May 2009 }}</ref> and from 1980 to 1986 he was Director of the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities at [[Edinburgh University]].
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Daiches chaired the panel of judges for the [[Booker Prize]] in 1980.
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== Список опубликованных произведений ==
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* ''The Place of Meaning in Poetry'' (1935)
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* ''New Literary Values; Studies in Modern Literature'' (1936)
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* ''Literature and Society'' (1938)
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* ''Poetry and the Modern World: A Study of Poetry in England Between 1900 and 1939'' (1940)
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* ''Virginia Woolf'' (1942)
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* ''Robert Louis Stevenson'' (1947)
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* ''A Study of Literature (For Readers and Critics)'' (1948)
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* ''Robert Burns'' (1950)
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* ''Stevenson and the Art of Fiction'' (1951)
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* ''A Century of the Essay: British and American'' (1951)
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* ''Willa Cather - A Critical Introduction'' (1951)
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* ''Two Worlds : An Edinburgh Jewish Childhood'' (1956) (memoirs)
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* ''Literary Essays'' (1956)
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* ''Critical Approaches to Literature'' (1956)
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* ''The Present Age in British Literature'' (After 1920) (1958)
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* ''Two Studies: The Poetry of Dylan Thomas, Walt Whitman: Impressionist Prophet'' (1958)
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* ''Robert Louis Stevenson - a Laurel Reader'' (1959) editor
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* ''A Critical History of English Literature'' (1960) two volumes
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* ''The Novel and the Modern World'' (1960)
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* ''White Man in the Tropics: Two Moral Tales'' (1962)
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* ''D. H. Lawrence'' (1963)
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* ''George Eliot: Middlemarch'' (1963)
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* ''English Literature'' (1964)
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* ''Milton'' (1964)
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* ''The Idea of a New University. An Experiment in Sussex'' (1964) editor
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* ''The Paradox of Scottish Culture: The Eighteenth Century Experience'' (1964)
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* ''More Literary Essays'' (1968)
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* ''The King James Version of the English Bible'' (1968)
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* ''Scotch Whisky: Its Past and Present'' (1969)
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* ''Some Late Victorian Attitudes'' (1969) Ewing Lectures
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* ''A Third World'' (1971) (memoirs)
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* ''Penguin Companion to Literature - Britain and the Commonwealth'' (1971) editor
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* ''Sir Walter Scott and His World'' (1971)
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* ''Robert Burns and His World'' (1972)
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* ''Literature and Western Civilization'' (1972-6) editor with Anthony Thorlby, six volumes
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* ''Robert Louis Stevenson and His World'' (1973)
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* ''Bonnie Prince Charlie: The Life and Times of Charles Edward Stuart'' (1973)
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* ''Moses: Man in the Wilderness'' (1975) ''Moses: The Man and the Vision'' in the US
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* ''Was: A Pastime from Time Past'' (1975)
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* ''James Boswell and His World'' (1976)
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* ''Shakespeare: Julius Caesar'' (1976)
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* ''Glasgow'' (1977)
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* ''Scotland and the Union'' (1977)
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* ''Edinburgh'' (1978)
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* ''The Butterfly and the Cross'' (1978)
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* ''The Selected Poems of Robert Burns'' (1979)
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* ''Andrew Fletcher of Saltoun. Selected Political Writings and Speeches'' (1979) editor
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* ''Literary Landscapes of the British Isles. A Narrative Atlas'' (1979) with John Flower
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* ''A Companion to Scottish Culture'' (1981)
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* ''The Avenel Companion to English and American Literature'' (1981) editor
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* ''Literature and Gentility in Scotland'' (1982)
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* ''God and the Poets'' (1984) Gifford Lectures (1983)
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* ''A Hotbed of Genius: The Scottish Enlightenment, 1730–1790'' (1986) editor with Jean Jones and Peter Jones
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* ''Let's Collect Scotch Whisky'' (Jarrold Collectors Series) (1988)
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* ''A Wee Dram: Drinking Scenes from Scottish Literature'' (1990)
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* ''A Weekly Scotsman and Other Poems'' (1994)
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== Источники и ссылки ==
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Daiches Статья "David Daiches" из английского раздела Википедии]
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biography Портал биографий (англ.)]
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* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=11706829 Dr David Daiches]
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* {{cite news
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| last = Calder
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| first = John
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| title = Obituary: David Daiches
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| publisher = The Guardian
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| date = July 18, 2005
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| url = http://books.guardian.co.uk/obituaries/story/0,11617,1531640,00.html
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| accessdate = 2007-02-21
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}}
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* {{cite news
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| last = Baker
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| first = William
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| title = Professor David Daiches
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| pages =
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| publisher = The Independent
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| date = July 18, 2005
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| url = http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article299814.ece
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| accessdate = 2007-02-21}}
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* {{cite news
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| title = David Daiches
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| publisher = The Times
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| date = 2005-07-25
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| url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article547686.ece
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| accessdate = 2007-03-27  | location=London}}
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== Примечания ==
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{{Reflist}}
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[[Category:Еврейские писатели]]
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[[Category:Евреи в Европе]]
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<!-- [[Category:1912 births]]
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[[Category:2005 deaths]]
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[[Category:People associated with Edinburgh]]
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[[Category:People educated at George Watson's College]]
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[[Category:Immigration to Scotland]]
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[[Category:Scottish Jews]]
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[[Category:Scottish people of Lithuanian descent]]
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[[Category:Lithuanian writers]]
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[[Category:Scottish biographers]]
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[[Category:Scottish essayists]]
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[[Category:Scottish literary critics]]
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[[Category:Scottish memoirists]]
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[[Category:Scottish non-fiction writers]]
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[[Category:Scottish poets]]
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[[Category:Scottish scholars and academics]]
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[[Category:People from Sunderland, Tyne and Wear]]
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[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
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[[Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford]] -->
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Текущая версия на 23:05, 30 мая 2013

  1. redirect ej:Дэйчес, Дэвид
Источник — «http://www.jearc.info/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81,_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4»
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