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| - | | ДАТА СОЗДАНИЯ =2.12.2011
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| - | }} {{Заготовка_раздела}}
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| - | {{Государство Израиль}}
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| - | The '''Civil Guard''' ({{lang-he|משמר אזרחי, ''Mishmar Ezrahi''}}), often abbreviated in Hebrew to '''Mash'az''' (משא"ז) is a [[volunteer]] organization of [[Israel]]i [[citizen]]s which assists in daily [[police]] work. It is a subdivision of the [[Israel Police]].
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| - | ==Organization==
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| - | As of today, the Civil Guard is a division in the "Police and Community" branch of the Israel Police. The Civil Guard is managed and supported by the police which provide weapons, equipment, training and police officers who command local Civil Guard [[Military base|base]]s (each community has one or more Civil Guard bases). Although the Civil Guard is operated by the police, its manpower consists mainly of civilian volunteers. Members are trained to provide the initial response to a security situation until the police arrive. Most Civil Guard volunteers are armed with [[M1 carbine|M1 Carbine]]s and personal handguns (if the member has a civilian gun license). The Civil Guard is composed mainly of "classic" volunteers who do patrols (in car or on foot) once in a while. They go through basic training and have [sometimes limited] police powers while on duty. They may apprehend a suspected person or even make an arrest if necessary. Equipment generally consists of a fluorescent yellow police vest, flashlight, radio, firearm, handcuffs and whatever else may be required particular to the assignment. Equipment is returned at the end of the shift. Most volunteers manage about one shift a week (2 to 4+ hours), while the minimum requirement is 12 hours a month.
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| - | There are also '''Matmid''' (מתמי"ד) volunteers which operate far more intensively than "Classic"s in regular police work. '''Yatam''' (ית"מ) volunteers mainly operate in [[traffic|traffic control]]. Both Matmid and Yatam are more like [[volunteer police]] officers. They have almost all the authorities of a regular police officer. They receive advanced training and wear regular police uniforms.
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| - | The Civil Guard also has special units (such as [[sniper]]s, [[dune buggy]] riders, bicycle-riders, search-and-rescue teams, cavalry and divers), but their members have to go through additional training and have a higher level of commitment (they have to volunteer for more hours a month).
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| - | ==History==
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| - | The Civil Guard was established on July 10, 1974 as a group of civilians volunteered to do night patrols in near-border neighborhoods, which were exposed to [[Palestinian terrorism and militancy|Palestinian terror]] attacks, and in particular following the [[Ma'alot massacre]] of May 15, 1974.
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| - | Later, the focus was shifted from [[counter terror]] patrols to assist daily police work such as fighting crime and neighborhood violence.
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| - | ==Manpower==
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| - | In 2004, the Civil Guard reportedly had some 70,000 volunteers, 28% of them women. Some 20,000 new volunteers joined that year and 17,000 left the service. The typical volunteer profile is a 40–55 years-old upper-middle-class male, married with children. Due to the high level of required commitment, some 20% of all volunteers quit during their first year of service.
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| - | Between 1974-2004, over half a million citizens volunteered for the Civil Guard.
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| - | ==See also==
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| - | * [[Israel Police]]
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| - | * [[Town Watch]]
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| - | * [[Neighborhood Watch]]
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| - | * [[Nightwatch]]
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| - | * [[Israeli Security Forces]]
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| - | {{Law enforcement in Israel}}
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| - | [[Category:Israel Police]]
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| - | == См. также ==
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| - | * [[Израильская полиция]]
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| - | * [[ЦАЃАЛ]]
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| - | == Источники и ссылки ==
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| - | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Guard_(Israel) Статья "Civil Guard (Israel)" в английском разделе Википедии]
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| - | * [http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/משמר_אזרחי Статья "משמר אזרחי" в ивритском разделе Википедии]
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| - | * [http://www.police.gov.il/english/News/CivilGuard/00_about.asp Civil Guard website] (as part of the Israel Police website)
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| - | [[Category:Черновые материалы для работы]]
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